Fundamental diagram of urban rail transit considering train–passenger interaction

Abstract Urban rail transit often operates with high service frequencies to serve heavy passenger demand during rush hours. Such operations can be delayed by two types of congestion: train congestion and congestion, both which interact each other. This delay is problematic for many systems, since it amplified due the interaction. However, there are no tractable models describing them; makes difficult analyze management strategies congested systems in general ways. To fill this gap, article proposes simple yet physical dynamic model urban transit. First, a fundamental diagram system (i.e., theoretical relation among train-flow, train-density, passenger-flow) analytically derived considering aforementioned Then, macroscopic assignment developed based on diagram. Finally, accuracy investigated comparing microscopic simulation. The proposed would useful mathematical analysis such as optimal pricing travel management.